After the break, the Verkhovna Rada voted for Bill 10399, which provides that at least half of school graduates will have the opportunity to study at state expense thanks to a state order or state grants. 298 MPs voted for the document. The law establishes the mechanism for providing educational grants at the legislative level and allows those who already have higher education to re-study at the expense of the budget.<\/p>\n
As previously reported by Sudovo-Yurydychna Gazeta, students of civil specialties who will study at the expense of the state budget will not be obliged to work out their first job after completing their studies. This norm was excluded from Bill 10399, which was finalized for the second reading, after extensive public discussion.<\/p>\n
The updated version of Bill 10399 does not provide for a mandatory contract for the first job for students of civil specialties. The requirement for mandatory work will remain only for those who are studying from the very beginning as a future military serviceman or an employee of another structure in the security and defense sector.<\/p>\n
It is also reported that students who will study on budget places in civilian specialties will not have any contracts for work or other obligations to the state. A similar approach will be applied to the grant system – it will also not provide for mandatory employment after graduation.<\/p>\n
The draft law, adopted in the first reading, contained a different approach. In particular, after the second year, a student who studied at state expense was to conclude a contract for the first job offered by the state, and after graduation, work for a certain period of time in their specialty. In case of refusal, it was assumed that he would have to compensate for the cost of his studies on his own. This model was proposed due to a shortage of personnel in a number of industries. The Education Committee cited the education sector as an example, where the state finances the training of about 10,000 future teachers each year, but only about 2,000 graduates come to work in schools. That is why it was previously proposed to introduce a contract for the first job, which would provide that the state invests in the training of a specialist, and the graduate works in his specialty for a certain period of time, after which he independently determines his further professional path.<\/p>\n
At the same time, during the public discussion, such an initiative caused a significant public resonance. In particular, there were comments about possible signs of forced labor, violations of citizens’ constitutional rights, and questions arose about the level of remuneration at the first job.<\/p>\n
The Committee on Education, Science and Innovation explained that it was precisely because of this controversial norm that there was a risk of jeopardizing the adoption of the entire bill. Therefore, it was decided to abandon the corresponding requirement and focus on the implementation of the basic reform model, which provides for forecasting labor market needs, a new system of state orders and a grant financing mechanism. It was also emphasized that bill 10399 proposes to change the very principle of state support for higher education. The state order should become a real order from the state in accordance with its needs, and not a mechanism under which higher education institutions independently determine the number and specialties of specialists trained for budget funds.<\/p>\n
In addition, the new model concerns not only grants, but also state orders, budget places, forecasting labor market needs and other mechanisms for financing higher education. It is planned to actively involve employers, business associations and industry experts in this process, who can assess which specialists the economy will need in five, seven or ten years.<\/p>\n
Bill 10399 proposes to clearly distinguish three instruments of state support.<\/p>\n
The first instrument will remain the state order. It will be applied only in cases where a person already enters the relevant state system during their studies. First of all, this applies to the security and defense sector – military educational institutions, the system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Security Service of Ukraine, intelligence and other structures with specific training conditions. Such students conclude contracts and after completing their studies work in the relevant state bodies.<\/p>\n
The second tool will be budget places for civilian specialties. The state will pay for the education of applicants who have demonstrated the best results. At the same time, they will not have any obligation to work after graduation. Such a mechanism, as noted in the committee, will allow supporting talented students and at the same time increasing the number of budget places in those specialties that the country needs most.<\/p>\n
The third tool will be a grant system. In this case, the student will study under a contract, but the state will be able to fully or partially compensate for the cost of education.<\/p>\n
Separate grants are provided for socially vulnerable categories of the population, combatants, children of fallen defenders of Ukraine, injured participants of the Revolution of Dignity, orphans and other persons in need of state support.<\/p>\n
At the same time, each of the support instruments will have a clearly defined purpose. Thus, the state order will be preserved for those areas where the state forms its own personnel reserve, primarily in the security and defense sector. For civilian specialties, budget places for the best entrants will remain, as well as a grant system that will make it possible to finance the education of various categories of students, including those who need special social support.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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